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In the period between the councils of Nicea and Chalcedon in the fourth and fifth centuries, the faithful in the churches of the ecclesiastical district of Antioch were the beneficiaries of the ministry of the Word from distinguished pastors. Included in this ministry were homilies on the Old Testament by John Chrysostom and written commentaries by his mentor Diodore and his fellow student Theodore and later by Theodoret. Though the biblical text was admittedly Jewish in origin, “the text and the meaning are ours,” claimed Chrysostom, and the great bulk of extant remains reveals the pastoral priority given to this often obscure material. Students and exegetes of the Old Testament and its individual authors and books will be introduced here to Antioch’s distinctive approach and interpretation by commentators reading their local form of the Greek Bible. In the course of this survey, readers will gain an insight also into Antioch’s worldview and its approach to the person of Jesus, to soteriology, morality, and spirituality.

†Robert C. Hill translated many of the Old Testament commentaries of the Antiochene fathers and wrote on their exegetical, hermeneutical, and theological features. He authored a number of works, including Theodoret of Cyrus: Commentary on Daniel and Diodore of Tarsus: Commentary on Psalms 1–51, both available from the SBL.